Europe LGM winter temperatures from models and data

How cold was Europe at the Last Glacial Maximum? A synthesis of the progress achieved since the first PMIP model-data comparison G. Ramstein, M. Kageyama, J. Guiot, H. Wu, C. Hély, G. Krinner, and S. Brewer Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l’Environnement, UMR CEA-CNRS-UVSQ 1572, CE Saclay, L’Orme des Merisiers, Bât. 701, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex France CEREGE, BP 80 Europole Méditerranéen de l’Arbois, 13545 Aix-en-Provence cedex 4, France SKLLQ, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xian 710075 China Laboratoire de Glaciologie et Géophysique de l’Environnement, 54, rue Molière, 38402 Saint Martin d’Hères cedex, France Received: 1 December 2006 – Accepted: 18 December 2006 – Published: 22 January 2007 Correspondence to: M. Kageyama ([email protected])